GS Paper-1: Geography (World Geography) ⭐ Nevado Ojos del Salado ⭐ Why in the News A professor from the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) recently successfully summited Nevado Ojos del Salado, bringing attention to this prominent volcanic mountain. ⭐ Location • Nevado Ojos del Salado lies in the Andes mountain range, along the international border between Chile and Argentina. • It is also recognised as the highest mountain located within Chile. ⭐ Geological Nature • Nevado O

GS Paper-1: Geography (World Geography) ⭐ Mozambique ⭐ Why in the News India recently sent 500 metric tonnes of rice to Mozambique to assist the country after severe flooding impacted several central and southern provinces. ⭐ Location • Mozambique is a country situated in Southern Africa. • It lies within both the Southern Hemisphere and the Eastern Hemisphere. ⭐ Bordering Countries • Zimbabwe lies to the west of Mozambique. • Eswatini and South Africa are located to the sout

GS Paper-1: History / Culture ⭐ Sinhagad Fort ⭐ Why in the News At least twenty-five visitors were injured after a swarm of bees attacked tourists at Sinhagad Fort near Pune, drawing attention to the historic site. ⭐ Location • Sinhagad Fort is located near Pune in the state of Maharashtra. ⭐ Earlier Name • The fort was previously known as Kondhana. ⭐ Geographic Setting • The fort stands on an isolated cliff in the Bhuleswar range of the Sahyadri Mountains. • It is situated a

UPSC GS Paper-1: Geography / Culture ⭐ Roopkund Lake ⭐ Why in the News Roopkund Lake, often referred to as the “Skeleton Lake,” has recently attracted renewed attention due to the large number of human skeletal remains discovered around its frozen waters. ⭐ Nature of the Lake • Roopkund is a glacial lake located in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. • The lake is popularly called Skeleton Lake because hundreds of ancient human skeletons have been found scattered around its surr

UPSC GS Paper-1: Geography (World Geography) ⭐ Qeshm Island ⭐ Why in the News Iran’s Foreign Minister recently accused the United States of attacking a desalination facility located on Qeshm Island, raising concerns about regional tensions. ⭐ Location Qeshm Island lies in the Persian Gulf, close to the strategically important Strait of Hormuz. ⭐ Political Control The island forms an integral part of the territory of Iran. ⭐ Meaning of the Name The Arabic term “Qeshm” translat

UPSC GS Paper-2: Governance / Social Development ⭐ Khelo India Tribal Games ⭐ Why in the News The Union Minister for Youth Affairs and Sports recently announced that the first edition of the Khelo India Tribal Games will be held from 25 March to 6 April 2026. ⭐ Nature of the Event The Khelo India Tribal Games are organised under the Khelo India Scheme, which aims to promote sports participation and talent development across India, particularly among tribal communities. ⭐ Meda

UPSC GS Paper-2: Governance & Social Development IMPAct 4 Nutrition Platform ⭐ Why in the News NITI Aayog and UNICEF India have signed a Statement of Intent to strengthen collaborative efforts for improving maternal and child nutrition in Aspirational Districts and Blocks across India. ⭐ Definition The IMPAct4Nutrition platform (I4N) stands for Initiative to Mobilize Private Action for Nutrition. ⭐ Nature of the Platform It functions as a knowledge and resource network on nut

UPSC GS Paper-2: International Relations Raisina Dialogue ⭐ Why in the News The Prime Minister of India recently inaugurated the 11th edition of the Raisina Dialogue in New Delhi. ⸻ ⭐ Nature of the Forum The Raisina Dialogue is India’s premier global conference on geopolitics and geo-economics, aimed at addressing key international challenges and shaping global policy discussions. ⸻ ⭐ Conceptual Inspiration The forum is modelled on leading global strategic conferences such as

UPSC GS Paper-1: Geography (World Geography) Finland ⭐ Why in the News The President of Finland, Alexander Stubb, is currently on an official visit to India and is scheduled to meet the President and Prime Minister of India to strengthen bilateral relations between the two countries. ⸻ ⭐ Country Overview Finland is a Nordic country located in Northern Europe and is widely known for its strong welfare system, advanced technology sector, and high environmental standards. ⸻ ⭐ Hi

UPSC GS Paper 2 – International Relations | Energy Security Druzhba Pipeline Subtopic: Russia–Europe Energy Connectivity Value Addition: • Pipeline Name: Druzhba Pipeline (“Druzhba” means Friendship in Russian). • Type: International crude oil pipeline network connecting Russia with Europe. • Commissioned: 1964 during the Soviet era . • Origin: Oil fields of West Siberia, Russia . • Transit Countries: Belarus and Ukraine . • Network Scale: One of the longest and la

UPSC GS Paper 1 – Art & Culture | Geography 1. Sulawesi Island (Indonesia) – Oldest Rock Art Discovery Subtopic: Prehistoric Rock Art & Early Human Culture Value Addition: • Location: Indonesia, Southeast Asia; part of the Indonesian Archipelago. • Former Name: Celebes. • Area: ~180,680 sq km; one of the largest islands of Indonesia. • Geographical Structure: Unique shape with four long peninsulas separated by deep bays and gulfs . • Topography: Mostly mountainous terra

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