31 May 2025 - Daily CA Updates

GS 1 – Geography, Culture, and Environment

1. Bow Echo – Severe Weather over Delhi Subject: Climatology & Indian Monsoon Disturbances
   

   A bow echo is a radar signature of a curved squall line—indicative of strong straight-line winds and possible derecho formation.

   Delhi’s storm system mimicking a bow echo reflects intensifying convective systems driven by rapid heat–low-pressure interaction.

   Connect this with urban microclimate shifts and the need for early warning integration in metro cities.
   

Keywords: Bow echo, gust front, derecho, Ted Fujita, squall line

🧭 GS 2 – Defence, Judiciary, and Governance

2. Inter-Services Organisations (Command, Control & Discipline) Act, 2023 Subject: Defence Reforms & Jointness

   Grants legal and disciplinary powers to Commanders in Joint Commands across services—Army, Navy, and Air Force—removing administrative silos.

   Reinforces theatre command architecture and accelerates operational synergy under Chief of Defence Staff (CDS).

   Connect with India's push toward integrated theatre commands and military modernization.

Keywords: ISO Act 2023, Joint Commands, Chain of Command, CiC, OiC, CO

3. Supreme Court on Arrest Warrant ProtocolsSubject: Polity – Arrest Procedures & Personal Liberty

   SC clarifies that reading an arrest warrant to the accused suffices under CrPC; written communication not separately required.

   Strengthens lawful arrest procedure and aligns with Art 22(1): Right to be informed of grounds of arrest.

   Use in answers on criminal justice reforms and balance between liberty and security.

Keywords: Bailable/Non-bailable warrant, CrPC, warrant validity, probable cause

🧭 GS 3 – Science, Economy, Agriculture & Technology

4. Battery Aadhaar – Digital Identity for Battery Lifecycle

   Subject: Green Tech & Circular Economy

   A blockchain-based digital identity for EV batteries from production to disposal,aligning with EU Battery Regulation.

   Boosts safe second-life usage, end-of-life traceability, and thermal event tracking—especially in light of India’s EV fire incidents.

   Critical for compliance, battery passporting, and green industrial standards.

Keywords: Battery Aadhaar, DST, Mobius+, circular economy, e-mobility.

5. Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2025 Subject: Disaster Management & Resilience Economics.

   UNDRR’s report notes global disaster losses over $2.3T/year; 98% of DRR funds still reactive.

   India faces $1.2B infra loss (Cyclone Fani), 30M displacements, and <1% insurance penetration.

   Link to Sendai Framework, PM Gati Shakti, and the need for anticipatory financing.

Keywords: GAR 2025, UNDRR, DRR funding, Odisha Cyclone, displacement.

6. Dark Factories – Future of Automation Subject: Manufacturing, AI, and Labor Policy

   Lights-out factories operate without human presence using IoT, AI, and robotics—heralding a shift to 24x7 production cycles.

   Raises debates on job displacement vs. productivity; need for skilling under PM Kaushal Vikas Yojana.

   Link with Fourth Industrial Revolution, Future of Work, and Digital India.

Keywords: Dark factory, lights-out manufacturing, AI automation, Industry 4.0.

7. Semi-Transparent Perovskite Solar Cell – IIT Bombay Subject: Renewable Energy & Tech Innovation

   Four-terminal tandem (perovskite + silicon) setup boosts solar efficiency to 30%.

   Cost-effective, scalable, and indigenously developed—ideal for India’s rooftop/BIPV (Building Integrated PV) ambitions.

   Connect with India's 280 GW solar target and green hydrogen value chain.

Keywords: Tandem solar cell, IIT Bombay, perovskite, ABX3, PCE.