28 JULY 2025 - Daily Current Affairs Updates
- Avijeet Kumar
- Jul 28
- 2 min read
Kargil Vijay Diwas Subtopic: India’s Victory in the 1999 Kargil War
Value Addition:
Celebrated annually on July 26 to commemorate India’s triumph in the 1999 Kargil War.
Key milestone: 2025 marks the 26th anniversary.
Operation Vijay led to the successful eviction of infiltrators from Drass and Batalik.
Tactical use of Bofors artillery and Israeli UAVs in high-altitude warfare (>18,000 ft).
First conflict in India to receive live media coverage, shaping public perception.
Subject Analysis:
GS 1: Modern History – Post-independence military conflicts.
GS 3: Internal Security – Strategic terrain warfare.
Prelims: Tiger Hill, Operation Vijay, Bofors FH-77B.
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E3 Format (France, UK, Germany) Subtopic: Nuclear Diplomacy with Iran
Value Addition:
E3 (France, Germany, UK) actively engages in nuclear negotiations with Iran to uphold the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA).
Originated before P5+1 formation and acts as a consistent European diplomatic front.
Recent talks focused on reviving compliance amidst rising tensions post-2018 US withdrawal.
Subject Analysis:
GS 2: IR – Multilateral diplomacy, nuclear non-proliferation.
Prelims: E3 vs P5+1, JCPOA, Iran’s nuclear policy timeline.
Codex Alimentarius Commission Subtopic: Global Food Safety Governance
Value Addition:
CAC recognized India’s contribution during its 88th Executive Session.
Established by FAO & WHO in 1963; sets international food safety & trade norms.
India a member since 1964; 189 members currently.
Operates via Codex Committees & Executive Body with annual meetings in Geneva/Rome.
Subject Analysis:
GS 2: Governance – Global food standards and trade facilitation.
GS 3: Health – Consumer safety in food trade.
Prelims: CAC headquarters (Rome), India’s membership timeline.
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Financial Inclusion Index 2025 Subtopic: Measuring Penetration of Financial Services
Value Addition:
FI-Index rose to 67 in March 2025 (from 64.2 in 2024), driven by usage and quality indicators.
Scored on scale of 0–100; 3 parameters – Access (35%), Usage (45%), Quality (20%).
Covers banking, insurance, pensions, investments, postal services.
Released annually by RBI since 2021; no base year for dynamic benchmarking.
Subject Analysis:
GS 3: Economy – Financial literacy, inclusive growth.
Prelims: FI-Index components, RBI role, scoring logic.
Raorchestes jadoh & Raorchestes jakoid (Bush Frogs) Subtopic: Amphibian Endemism in Meghalaya
Value Addition:
Discovered in Langtor (1655m) and Lawbah (815m); adapt to semi-disturbed human proximity.
Direct-developing frogs (no tadpole stage); part of Raorchestes parvulus complex.
Enhance understanding of NE India's amphibian richness; genus has 80+ species.
Subject Analysis:
GS 3: Environment – New species discovery, endemism in sacred groves.
Prelims: Raorchestes genus, direct development, Rhacophoridae family.
Winter Fog Experiment (WiFEX) Subtopic: Fog Forecasting and Aviation Safety
Value Addition:
10-year study led by IITM with IMD, NCMRWF; based at IGI Airport, Delhi.
Focus: Fog prediction in the Indo-Gangetic plain to reduce transport disruption.
Achieved 85% accuracy in very dense fog forecasting using 3 km resolution models.
Uses high-end sensors, ceilometers, micrometeorological towers.
Subject Analysis:
GS 3: S&T – Weather modelling, meteorological R&D.
GS 3: Infrastructure – Aviation safety, transportation reliability.
Prelims: WiFEX, IMD, IITM, visibility criteria.
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